AWS Cloud Interview Questions and Answers, Part 1

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1.      What is cloud computing?
It is a process to use online resources as per your need. You can increase or decrease the use of the resources as per your need or demand. This is called scalability in cloud computing.

The cloud is a collection of infrastructures of networking, database, servers, and other IT things. These are located in different regions worldwide and provide all the IT services with high reliability, availability, backup, security, lowest latency, and lowest cost.

 

2.      What are the three basic types of cloud services?

a.      Compute (AWS products: EC2, Lamda, Auto Scaling, Lightsail, Elastic BeanStalk)

b.      Storage(AWS products: S3, EBS-Elastic Block Storage, EFS-Elastic File System, Glacier)

c.      Networking(AWS Products: VPC, Route53, CloudFront)

3.      What is AWS Region?

It is a geographical area where AWS has its data centers. AWS regions are isolated from each other and they are located in various geographical locations(continents, countries) in the world.

 

4.      What are availability zones?

The availability zones (AZ) are the structures with one or more data centers. Each cloud regions have multiple availability zones. The AZs are isolated from each other. They are located in close proximity. They are designed in such a way that when one AZ is down, then another AZ backs it up and maintains continuous service.

 

5.      What is auto-scaling?

Auto-scaling provides automatic activation(provisioning and launching) of the instances according to the load or demand. The resources are automatically increased or decreased as per the demand.

 

6.      What is load balancing or elastic load balancer?

Elastic Load Balancer divides and diverts the load to multiple instances. It distributes the incoming traffic and informs if the server is overloaded or if any instance is unhealthy. If it finds any unhealthy instances, it automatically reroutes the traffic to other healthy instances. There are three types of elastic load balancers:

Application load balancer

Network load balancer

Classic load balancer

 

7.       What is cloud front?

Cloudfront is also called Content Delivery Network(CDN) service. It provides services to customers with low latency where ever the customer is located. It caches the contents and delivers the data, applications, videos, files, etc securely, quickly, and reliably.

 

8.      What is Edge Location?

These are repeater stations placed mainly in the major cities in the world to minimize the delay of response for requests from anywhere in the world. This provides a response with the lowest possible latency with the help of AWS CloudFront. Edge Location uses caching of the resources to provide service to the customer with low latency. It uses the repeater stations placed at a different location, mainly in the major cities, and provides service to the customer from the nearest repeater station.

 

9.   What is AWS cloud trail?

This is an AWS service. This monitors and tracks the activities in the cloud environment and provides the history. The activities could be adding or terminating instances, how many API calls were made, and when, in the AWS environment. Activities done by different users,  roles, or AWS services, who took the action and what action was taken and when was the action taken.  The activities are recorded as events.

This provides the logs as well as sends notifications via AWS SNS(Amazon Simple Notification Service).

This will help you analyze, and control your system as well as security analysis and take action for any potential risks.

 

10. What is AWS Cloudwatch ?

AWS CloudWatch monitors the performance and utilization of the application and resources(EC2 instances,RDS DB instances, Elastic Block Storage(EBS), Elastic Load Balancing(ELB) etc. It monitors their health status. It produces the metrics, logs and set alarms if the utilization reaches the thresholds, provides notification with SNS(Simple Notification Service). It basically monitors operational issues. It also monitors the cost of using the services and provides billing alarm if the cost goes high unexpectedly or reaches the threshold. This way you can control the AWS cost.